CHAPTER 378

NURSING

Table of Contents

Sec. 20-93. Qualifications for examination. Licensure.

Sec. 20-94. Licensure without examination. Limited period for licensure without examination for advanced practice registered nurses. Temporary permit.

Sec. 20-94a. Licensure as advanced practice registered nurse.

Sec. 20-96. Licensure as practical nurse. Examinations.

Sec. 20-97. Licensure without examination. Temporary permit.

Sec. 20-99. Improper professional conduct. Hearing. Appeal. Prohibited conduct.


Sec. 20-93. Qualifications for examination. Licensure. Any person who shows to the satisfaction of the department that he or she holds a degree, diploma or certificate from an accredited institution evidencing satisfactory completion of a nursing program approved by said board with the consent of the Commissioner of Public Health shall be eligible for examination for licensure as a registered nurse, the subjects of which examination shall be determined by said department with the advice and consent of the board. No fee shall be required for such examination. If such applicant passes such examination said department shall issue to such applicant a license to practice nursing in this state.

(1949 Rev., S. 4428; 1949, 1955, S. 2217d; 1957, P.A. 200, S. 1; 1959, P.A. 616, S. 26; 1961, P.A. 241; June, 1971, P.A. 8, S. 49; P.A. 73-115, S. 2; P.A. 76-315, S. 2, 6; P.A. 77-614, S. 391, 610; P.A. 80-484, S. 32, 176; P.A. 88-362, S. 20; P.A. 89-251, S. 83, 203; P.A. 90-13, S. 11; P.A. 93-381, S. 9, 39; P.A. 94-174, S. 8, 12; P.A. 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 195; P.A. 25-168, S. 417.)

History: 1959 act increased fee from $20 to $25; 1961 act deleted requirement that applicant be 20 years of age or over and specification that school give a 28-month course in a hospital; 1971 act raised examination fee to $30; P.A. 73-115 substituted “nursing program” for “school of nursing”; P.A. 76-315 substituted “holds a degree, diploma or certificate …” for “is a graduate of”; P.A. 77-614 required consent of commissioner of health services for determination of examination subjects, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-484 deleted requirement that applicant be “of good moral character”, replaced references to certificates of registration with references to licenses and essentially transferred all powers and duties of board to health services department, retaining board's power to approve nursing programs and granting board an advisory role in determination of subjects to be covered by examinations; P.A. 88-362 added Subsec. (b) re issuance of temporary permits; P.A. 89-251 increased fee from $30 to $90; P.A. 90-13 changed the date in Subsec. (b) from September 30, 1990, to September 30, 1992; P.A. 93-381 replaced department and commissioner of health services with department and commissioner of public health and addiction services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 94-174 deleted Subsec. (b) which had provided temporary permits for applicants licensed as registered nurses in Ireland and the United Kingdom, effective June 6, 1994; P.A. 95-257 replaced Commissioner and Department of Public Health and Addiction Services with Commissioner and Department of Public Health, effective July 1, 1995; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 increased fee from $90 to $180; P.A. 25-168 deleted fee and made a conforming change.

Sec. 20-94. Licensure without examination. Limited period for licensure without examination for advanced practice registered nurses. Temporary permit. (a) Any registered nurse who is licensed at the time of application in another state of the United States, the District of Columbia or a commonwealth or territory subject to the laws of the United States, which has licensure requirements that are substantially similar to or higher than those of this state shall be eligible for licensure in this state and entitled to a license without examination. No license shall be issued under this section to any applicant against whom professional disciplinary action is pending or who is the subject of an unresolved complaint. The department shall inform the board annually of the number of applications it receives for licenses under this section.

(b) The Department of Public Health may issue a temporary permit to an applicant for licensure without examination or to an applicant previously licensed in Connecticut whose license has become void pursuant to section 19a-88, upon receipt of a completed application form, a copy of a current license from another state of the United States, the District of Columbia or a commonwealth or territory subject to the laws of the United States and a notarized affidavit attesting that such license is valid and belongs to the person requesting notarization. Such temporary permit shall be valid for a period not to exceed one hundred twenty calendar days and shall not be renewable. No temporary permit shall be issued under this section to any applicant against whom professional disciplinary action is pending or who is the subject of an unresolved complaint.

(c) No fee shall be required for the issuance of a license or a temporary permit under this section.

(1949 Rev., S. 4429; 1949, 1955, S. 2218d; 1957, P.A. 200, S. 2; 1959, P.A. 616, S. 27; June, 1971, P.A. 8, S. 50; P.A. 73-115, S. 3; P.A. 80-484, S. 33, 176; P.A. 81-471, S. 24, 71; P.A. 88-207, S. 1; P.A. 89-251, S. 84, 203; P.A. 93-381, S. 9, 39; P.A. 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; P.A. 04-221, S. 7; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 196; P.A. 25-168, S. 418.)

History: 1959 act increased fee from $20 to $25; 1971 act increased fee to $30; P.A. 73-115 replaced “school of nursing” with “nursing program”; P.A. 80-484 replaced board of examiners for nursing with department of health services as licensing authority, replaced references to certification and certificates with references to licensure and licensing, added prohibition against issuing license to applicant against whom disciplinary action is pending or who is subject of unresolved complaint and required that board receive notification of number of applications annually; P.A. 81-471 changed basis for licensure of nurses by endorsement from educational program in other state to level of licensure requirements in other state; P.A. 88-207 added Subsec. (b) re temporary permits; P.A. 89-251 increased fee from $30 to $90; P.A. 93-381 replaced department of health services with department of public health and addiction services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 95-257 replaced Commissioner and Department of Public Health and Addiction Services with Commissioner and Department of Public Health, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 04-221 amended Subsec. (a) by designating existing provisions as Subdiv. (1), amending Subdiv. (1) by replacing “licensed nurse registered in another state or territory” with “registered nurse who is licensed at the time of application in another state of the United States, the District of Columbia or a commonwealth or territory subject to the laws of the United States”, and adding Subdiv. (2) re limited period for licensure without examination for advanced practice registered nurses, and amended Subsec. (b) by allowing temporary permit for applicant whose license was not renewed, making conforming change re eligible jurisdictions, deleting provision re licensure requirements of another state or territory that are similar to or higher than those of this state and adding prohibition re issuance of temporary permit in cases of pending disciplinary action or unresolved complaint; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 amended Subsec. (a) to increase fees from $90 to $180; P.A. 25-168 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting Subdiv. (1) designator, license issuance fee, and former Subdiv. (2) re obsolete licensure provision, amended Subsec. (b) by deleting temporary permit issuance fee and making technical changes, and added Subsec. (c) re no fee for license or temporary permit issuances.

Sec. 20-94a. Licensure as advanced practice registered nurse. (a) The Department of Public Health may issue an advanced practice registered nurse license to a person seeking to perform the activities described in subsection (b) of section 20-87a, to an applicant who: (1) Maintains a license as a registered nurse in this state, as provided by section 20-93 or 20-94; (2) holds and maintains current certification as a nurse practitioner, a clinical nurse specialist or a nurse anesthetist from one of the following national certifying bodies that certify nurses in advanced practice: The American Nurses' Association, the Nurses' Association of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Certification Corporation, the National Board of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners and Associates or the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, their successors or other appropriate national certifying bodies approved by the Board of Examiners for Nursing; (3) has completed thirty hours of education in pharmacology for advanced nursing practice; and (4) (A) holds a graduate degree in nursing or in a related field recognized for certification as either a nurse practitioner, a clinical nurse specialist, or a nurse anesthetist by one of the foregoing certifying bodies, or (B) (i) on or before December 31, 2004, completed an advanced nurse practitioner program that a national certifying body identified in subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of this section recognized for certification of a nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or nurse anesthetist, and (ii) at the time of application, holds a current license as an advanced practice registered nurse in another state that requires a master's degree in nursing or a related field for such licensure. No license shall be issued under this section to any applicant against whom professional disciplinary action is pending or who is the subject of an unresolved complaint.

(b) During the period commencing January 1, 1990, and ending January 1, 1992, the Department of Public Health may in its discretion allow a registered nurse, who has been practicing as an advanced practice registered nurse in a nurse practitioner role and who is unable to obtain certification as a nurse practitioner by one of the national certifying bodies specified in subsection (a) of this section, to be licensed as an advanced practice registered nurse provided the individual:

(1) Holds a current Connecticut license as a registered nurse pursuant to this chapter;

(2) Presents the department with documentation of the reasons one of such national certifying bodies will not certify him as a nurse practitioner;

(3) Has been in active practice as a nurse practitioner for at least five years in a facility licensed pursuant to section 19a-491;

(4) Provides the department with documentation of his preparation as a nurse practitioner;

(5) Provides the department with evidence of at least seventy-five contact hours, or its equivalent, of continuing education related to his nurse practitioner specialty in the preceding five calendar years;

(6) Has completed thirty hours of education in pharmacology for advanced nursing practice;

(7) Has his employer provide the department with a description of his practice setting, job description, and a plan for supervision by a licensed physician; and

(8) Notifies the department of each change of employment to a new setting where he will function as an advanced practice registered nurse and will be exercising prescriptive and dispensing privileges.

(c) Any person who obtains a license pursuant to subsection (b) of this section shall be eligible to renew such license annually provided he presents the department with evidence that he received at least fifteen contact hours, or its equivalent, eight hours of which shall be in pharmacology, of continuing education related to his nurse practitioner specialty in the preceding licensure year. If an individual licensed pursuant to subsection (b) of this subsection becomes eligible at any time for certification as a nurse practitioner by one of the national certifying bodies specified in subsection (a) of this section, the individual shall apply for certification, and upon certification so notify the department, and apply to be licensed as an advanced practice registered nurse in accordance with subsection (a) of this section.

(d) On and after October 1, 2023, a person, who is not eligible for licensure under subsection (a) of this section, may apply for licensure by endorsement as an advanced practice registered nurse. Such applicant shall present evidence satisfactory to the Commissioner of Public Health that the applicant has acquired three years of experience as an advanced practice registered nurse, or as a person entitled to perform similar services under a different designation, in another state or jurisdiction that has requirements for practicing in such capacity that are substantially similar to, or higher than, those of this state and that there are no disciplinary actions or unresolved complaints pending against such person.

(e) No fee shall be required for the issuance of a license or an endorsement under this section.

(f) A person who has received a license pursuant to this section shall be known as an “Advanced Practice Registered Nurse” and no other person shall assume such title or use the letters or figures which indicate that the person using the same is a licensed advanced practice registered nurse.

(P.A. 89-389, S. 3, 22; P.A. 91-106, S. 1, 2; P.A. 93-381, S. 9, 39; P.A. 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; P.A. 99-168, S. 2; P.A. 00-135, S. 7, 21; P.A. 04-221, S. 8; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 197; P.A. 11-242, S. 77; P.A. 12-197, S. 48; P.A. 23-97, S. 19; P.A. 25-168, S. 419.)

History: P.A. 91-106 amended Subsec. (b) to extend until January 1, 1992, the department's discretion to license under Subsec. (b) and to change the continuing education requirements of Subdiv. (5) to be 75 contact hours in the preceding five years and amended Subsec. (c) to increase from 8 to 15 hours the continuing education requirements; P.A. 93-381 replaced department of health services with department of public health and addiction services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 95-257 replaced Commissioner and Department of Public Health and Addiction Services with Commissioner and Department of Public Health, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 99-168 amended Subsec. (a)(1) by requiring maintenance of a registered nurse license rather than eligibility for licensure and amended Subsec. (a)(2) to include successor organizations or other appropriate national certifying bodies and to make a technical change; P.A. 00-135 amended Subsec. (a) by making a technical change and changing “maintains a license” to “is eligible for a license” in Subdiv. (1), effective May 26, 2000; P.A. 04-221 amended Subsec. (a)(1) by changing requirement from eligibility for a license to maintenance of a license; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 amended Subsec. (a) to increase fee from $100 to $200; P.A. 11-242 amended Subsec. (a)(4) by substituting “graduate degree” for “master's degree”; P.A. 12-197 amended Subsec. (a)(4) by deleting provision re certification after December 31, 1994, designating existing provision re qualifications as Subpara. (A) and adding Subpara. (B) re alternative qualifications; P.A. 23-97 amended Subsec. (b)(7) by making a technical change, added new Subsec. (d) re licensure by endorsement and redesignated existing Subsec. (d) as Subsec. (e); P.A. 25-168 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting fee, amended Subsec. (d) by deleting Subdiv. designator (1) and former Subdiv. (2) re fee, added new Subsec. (e) re no fee for license or endorsement issuances, and redesignated existing Subsec. (e) as Subsec. (f).

Sec. 20-96. Licensure as practical nurse. Examinations. Any person who holds a certificate from a nursing program approved by said board with the consent of the Commissioner of Public Health, which program consists of not less than twelve months' instruction in the care of the sick as prescribed by said board, or its equivalent as determined by said board, shall be eligible for examination for licensure as a licensed practical nurse. Such examination shall include such subjects as the department, with the advice and consent of the board, determines. No fee shall be required for such examination. If such applicant passes such examination said department shall issue to such applicant a license to practice as a licensed practical nurse in this state.

(1949 Rev., S. 4431; 1949, 1953, 1955, S. 2219d; 1957, P.A. 200, S. 3; 1959, P.A. 616, S. 28; 1969, P.A. 140; June, 1971, P.A. 8, S. 51; 1972, P.A. 223, S. 3; P.A. 73-115, S. 4; P.A. 77-614, S. 392, 610; P.A. 80-484, S. 34, 176; P.A. 89-251, S. 85, 203; P.A. 93-381, S. 9, 39; P.A. 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 198; P.A. 25-168, S. 420.)

History: 1959 act increased fee from $20 to $25; 1969 act deleted requirement that applicant be at least nineteen for eligibility to take examination; 1971 act raised examination fee from $25 to $30; 1972 act reduced fee to $25; P.A. 73-115 replaced references to approved institutions and courses with references to nursing programs; P.A. 77-614 required consent of health services commissioner for subjects included in examination, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-484 deleted requirement that applicant be “of good moral character” and required applicant to be “a currently practicing, competent practitioner”, replaced references to certificates and registration with references to licenses and licensure, transferred licensure powers from board of examiners to department of health services and added provisions prohibiting issuance of license to persons involved in disciplinary action or unresolved complaint and requiring annual notification of board of number of applications; P.A. 89-251 increased fee from $25 to $75; P.A. 93-381 replaced commissioner of health services with commissioner of public health and addiction services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 95-257 replaced Commissioner and Department of Public Health and Addiction Services with Commissioner and Department of Public Health, effective July 1, 1995; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 increased fee from $75 to $150; P.A. 25-168 deleted fee and made a conforming change.

Sec. 20-97. Licensure without examination. Temporary permit. (a) Any person who is licensed at the time of application as a licensed practical nurse, or as a person entitled to perform similar services under a different designation, in another state of the United States, the District of Columbia or a commonwealth or territory subject to the laws of the United States, which requirements for licensure in such capacity are equivalent to or higher than those of this state, shall be eligible for licensure in this state and entitled to a license without examination. If such other state, district, commonwealth or territory issues licenses based on completion of a practical nursing education program that is shorter in length than the minimum length for this state's practical nursing education programs or based on partial completion of a registered nursing education program, an applicant for licensure under this section may substitute licensed clinical work experience that: (1) Is performed under the supervision of a licensed registered nurse; (2) occurs following the completion of a nursing education program; and (3) when combined with the applicant's educational program, equals or exceeds the minimum program length for licensed practical nursing education programs approved in this state. No license shall be issued under this section to any applicant against whom professional disciplinary action is pending or who is the subject of an unresolved complaint. The department shall inform the board annually of the number of applications it receives for licenses under this section.

(b) The Department of Public Health may issue a temporary permit to an applicant for licensure without examination or to an applicant previously licensed in Connecticut whose license has become void pursuant to section 19a-88, upon receipt of a completed application form, a copy of a current license from another state of the United States, the District of Columbia or a commonwealth or territory subject to the laws of the United States and a notarized affidavit attesting that the license is valid and belongs to the person requesting notarization. Such temporary permit shall be valid for a period not to exceed one hundred twenty calendar days and shall not be renewable. No temporary permit shall be issued under this section to any applicant against whom professional disciplinary action is pending or who is the subject of an unresolved complaint.

(c) No fee shall be required for the issuance of a license or a temporary permit under this section.

(1949 Rev., S. 4432; 1949, 1953, 1955, S. 2221d; 1957, P.A. 200, S. 4; 1959, P.A. 616, S. 29; June, 1971, P.A. 8, S. 52; 1972, P.A. 223, S. 4; P.A. 80-484, S. 35, 176; P.A. 88-362, S. 17; P.A. 89-251, S. 86, 203; P.A. 93-381, S. 9, 39; P.A. 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; P.A. 97-15, S. 3; P.A. 04-221, S. 9; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 199; P.A. 10-117, S. 68; P.A. 25-168, S. 421.)

History: 1959 act increased fee from $20 to $25; 1971 act raised fee to $30; 1972 act reduced fee to $25; P.A. 80-484 required that certification requirements from other state be “substantially similar to or higher than” those of this state rather than “equivalent to” them, required applicant to be currently practicing competent practitioner, replaced “certification” and “certificate” with “licensure” and “license” and added provisions prohibiting issuance of license to person involved in disciplinary action or unresolved complaint and requiring annual notification of board of number of applications; P.A. 88-362 added Subsec. (b) re issuance of temporary permits; P.A. 89-251 increased fee from $25 to $75; P.A. 93-381 replaced department of health services with department of public health and addiction services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 95-257 replaced Commissioner and Department of Public Health and Addiction Services with Commissioner and Department of Public Health, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 97-15 deleted requirement in Subsec. (a) that applicant be currently practicing; P.A. 04-221 amended Subsec. (a) by expanding eligible jurisdictions for licensure without examination and replacing provisions re certification with provisions re licensure, and amended Subsec. (b) by allowing temporary permits for applicants who do not renew licenses, making a conforming change re eligible jurisdictions and prohibiting issuance of temporary permits to applicants with pending disciplinary actions or unresolved complaints; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 amended Subsec. (a) to increase fee from $75 to $150; P.A. 10-117 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “substantially similar” with “equivalent” and by adding provision permitting applicants who have completed practical nursing education program that is shorter in length than minimum standards of this state to substitute prescribed licensed clinical work experience in order to satisfy educational program requirements of this state; P.A. 25-168 deleted fee, added Subsec. (c) re no fee for license or temporary permit issuances, and made technical and conforming changes.

Sec. 20-99. Improper professional conduct. Hearing. Appeal. Prohibited conduct. (a) The Board of Examiners for Nursing shall have jurisdiction to hear all charges of conduct which fails to conform to the accepted standards of the nursing profession brought against persons licensed to practice nursing. After holding a hearing in accordance with chapter 54 and the regulations adopted by the Commissioner of Public Health, said board, if it finds such person to be guilty, may revoke or suspend his or her license or take any of the actions set forth in section 19a-17. Witnesses and records may be summoned before such hearings by the issuance of subpoenas under the board's seal. The chairperson or presiding member may administer oaths. When any license is revoked or suspended, notification of such action shall be sent to the Department of Public Health. Any person aggrieved by a final decision of the board may appeal as provided in chapter 54. Such appeal shall have precedence over nonprivileged cases in respect to order of trial.

(b) Conduct which fails to conform to the accepted standards of the nursing profession includes, but is not limited to, the following: (1) Fraud or material deception in procuring or attempting to procure a license to practice nursing; (2) illegal conduct, incompetence or negligence in carrying out usual nursing functions; (3) physical illness or loss of motor skill, including, but not limited to deterioration through the aging process; (4) emotional disorder or mental illness; (5) abuse or excessive use of drugs, including alcohol, narcotics or chemicals; (6) fraud or material deception in the course of professional services or activities; (7) wilful falsification of entries in any hospital, patient or other record pertaining to drugs, the results of which are detrimental to the health of a patient; (8) conviction of the violation of any of the provisions of this chapter by any court of criminal jurisdiction; and (9) failure to provide information to the Department of Public Health required to complete a health care provider profile, as set forth in section 20-13j. The Commissioner of Public Health may order a license holder to submit to a reasonable physical or mental examination if his physical or mental capacity to practice safely is the subject of an investigation. Said commissioner may petition the superior court for the judicial district of Hartford to enforce such order or any action taken pursuant to section 19a-17.

(c) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the board from holding a contested case hearing, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, before (1) one or more hearing officers, or (2) one or more members of the board pursuant to section 4-176e.

(1949 Rev., S. 4434; 1955, S. 2223d; 1971, P.A. 870, S. 58; P.A. 76-315, S. 3, 6; 76-436, S. 420, 681; P.A. 77-614, S. 323, 393, 610; P.A. 78-280, S. 35, 127; 78-303, S. 88, 136; P.A. 80-484, S. 36, 174, 176; P.A. 81-471, S. 25, 71; P.A. 88-230, S. 1, 12; P.A. 90-98, S. 1, 2; P.A. 93-142, S. 4, 7, 8; 93-381, S. 9, 39; P.A. 95-220, S. 4-6; 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; P.A. 96-47, S. 5; P.A. 08-109, S. 6; P.A. 25-96, S. 7.)

History: 1971 act replaced superior court with court of common pleas, effective September 1, 1971, except that courts with cases pending retain jurisdiction unless pending matters deemed transferable; P.A. 76-315 deleted hearing notice requirement, required that hearings be held in accordance with Ch. 54, added provisions re subpoena power and oaths, replaced previous detailed appeal provisions with statement that appeals be taken as provided in Ch. 54 and added Subsec. (c) defining unacceptable conduct; P.A. 76-436 replaced court of common pleas with superior court and added reference to judicial districts, effective July 1, 1978; P.A. 77-614 replaced commissioner and department of health with commissioner and department of health services, required that hearings be held in accordance with regulations adopted by health services commissioner, deleted requirement that subpoenas be signed by chief nursing examiner and deleted provision granting appeals precedence in order of trial in Subsec. (a) and deleted proviso preventing license revocation or suspension during appeal to higher court, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 78-280 and 78-303 restored provision re precedence in order of trial in Subsec. (a); P.A. 80-484 replaced “censure or otherwise discipline …” with “take any of the actions set forth in section 19-4s” and “president” with “chairperson” in Subsec. (a) and revised grounds for disciplinary action in Subsec. (b) to replace “deceit” with “material deception” in Subdiv. (1), to add illegal conduct in Subdiv. (2) and delete “habitual” with reference to negligence and to replace conviction of crimes involving moral turpitude with fraud or material deception and added provisions re physical and mental examinations and re petitions to court for enforcement of order or action; P.A. 81-471 deleted reference to “certificate” in Subsec. (b); P.A. 88-230 replaced “judicial district of Hartford-New Britain” with “judicial district of Hartford”, effective September 1, 1991; P.A. 90-98 changed the effective date of P.A. 88-230 from September 1, 1991, to September 1, 1993; P.A. 93-142 changed the effective date of P.A. 88-230 from September 1, 1993, to September 1, 1996, effective June 14, 1993; P.A. 93-381 replaced department and commissioner of health services with department and commissioner of public health and addiction services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 95-220 changed the effective date of P.A. 88-230 from September 1, 1996, to September 1, 1998, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 95-257 replaced Commissioner and Department of Public Health and Addiction Services with Commissioner and Department of Public Health, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 96-47 allowed appeal from “a final decision” rather than from “a finding”; P.A. 08-109 made a technical change and added failure to provide information for health care provider profile to list of conduct which fails to conform to accepted standards in Subsec. (b), effective January 1, 2010; P.A. 25-96 added Subsec. (c) re board's ability to hold contested case hearing before 1 or more hearing officers or 1 or more board members, effective June 24, 2025.